UNOCI in Bouaké: between professed neutrality and the perceptions of local communities (2004–2017)

Abstract

The United Nations Operation in Côte d’Ivoire (UNOCI) was present in Bouaké from 2004 to 2017 against a backdrop of war, territorial division and the resolution of the crisis. This article analyses the evolution of local perceptions of the mission, distinguishing between the impartiality claimed by the organisation and the neutrality as perceived by the local population. Drawing on Security Council resolutions, United Nations reports, academic research and documents relating to UNOCI’s activities, the study shows that these perceptions evolved in line with changes in the political and security context. Between 2004 and 2007, the mission was primarily associated with protection and the hope for peace. Between 2007 and 2011, its involvement in the electoral process, followed by the post-electoral crisis, made its impartiality more controversial. After 2011, UNOCI expanded its local activities focused on reconciliation and social cohesion. Its withdrawal in 2017 thus left a mixed legacy, comprising fulfilled expectations, criticism and recognition of its role in stabilising the country.

Keywords: UNOCI; Bouaké; neutrality; local perceptions; Ivorian crisis.

Received Date: June 19, 2026

Accepted Date: July 10, 2026

Published Date: August 01, 2026

Available Online at: https://www.ijsrisjournal.com/index.php/ojsfiles/article/view/926